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    SpringMVC-文件上传和下载

    作者: 栏目:未分类 时间:2020-09-11 18:00:54

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    文件上传和下载

    1. 文件上传

    1. 前端设计

    前端表单要求:为了能上传文件,必须将表单的method设置为POST,并将enctype设置为multipart/form-data。只有在这样的情况下,浏览器才

    会把用户选择的文件以二进制数据发送给服务器;

    <%--
      Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
      User: Wang
      Date: 2020/9/11
      Time: 16:48
      To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
    --%>
    <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <html>
      <head>
        <title>$Title$</title>
      </head>
      <body>
    
      <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
        <input type="file" name="file">
        <input type="submit" value="upload">
      </form>
    
      </body>
    </html>
    

    2. 导入依赖

    commons-fileupload

    <dependencies>
        <!--文件上传-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--servlet-api导入高版本的-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    

    3. 配置Spring

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
           https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.wang.controller"/>
    
        <mvc:annotation-driven/>
        <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
              id="internalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        </bean>
    
        <mvc:annotation-driven>
            <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
                <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                    <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
                </bean>
                <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
                    <property name="objectMapper">
                        <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
                            <property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
                        </bean>
                    </property>
                </bean>
            </mvc:message-converters>
        </mvc:annotation-driven>
    
        <!--文件上传配置-->
        <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
            <!-- 请求的编码格式, 必须和jsp的pageEncoding属性一致, 以便正确读取表单的内容, 默认为ISO-8859-1 -->
            <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
            <!-- 上传文件大小上限, 单位为字节 (10485760 = 10M) -->
            <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
            <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
        </bean>
    
    
    </beans>
    

    注意

    • 这个bena的id必须为:multipartResolver , 否则上传文件会报400的错误!

    4. 编写controller

    有两种上传的方式

    1. getOriginalFilename方法

    package com.wang.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.io.*;
    import java.net.URLEncoder;
    
    @RestController
    public class FileController {
    
        //@RequestParam("file") 将name=file控件得到的文件封装成CommonsMultipartFile 对象
        //批量上传CommonsMultipartFile则为数组即可
        @RequestMapping("/upload")
        public String fileUpload(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
    
            //获取文件名 : file.getOriginalFilename();
            String uploadFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
    
            //如果文件名为空,直接回到首页!
            if ("".equals(uploadFileName)) {
                return "redirect:/index.jsp";
            }
            System.out.println("上传文件名 : " + uploadFileName);
    
            //上传路径保存设置
            String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
            //如果路径不存在,创建一个
            File realPath = new File(path);
            if (!realPath.exists()) {
                realPath.mkdir();
            }
            System.out.println("上传文件保存地址:" + realPath);
    
            InputStream is = file.getInputStream(); //文件输入流
            OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(new File(realPath, uploadFileName)); //文件输出流
    
            //读取写出
            int len = 0;
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                os.write(buffer, 0, len);
                os.flush();
            }
            os.close();
            is.close();
            return "redirect:/index.jsp";
        }
    }
    

    2. Tansto方法

    package com.wang.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.io.*;
    import java.net.URLEncoder;
    
    @RestController
    public class FileController {
        /*
         * 采用file.Transto 来保存上传的文件
         */
        @RequestMapping("/upload2")
        public String fileUpload2(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
    
            //上传路径保存设置
            String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
            File realPath = new File(path);
            if (!realPath.exists()) {
                realPath.mkdir();
            }
            //上传文件地址
            System.out.println("上传文件保存地址:" + realPath);
    
            //通过CommonsMultipartFile的方法直接写文件(注意这个时候)
            file.transferTo(new File(realPath + "/" + file.getOriginalFilename()));
    
            return "redirect:/index.jsp";
        }
    }
    

    2. 文件下载

    1. 前端设计

    利用a标签实现跳转

    <%--
      Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
      User: Wang
      Date: 2020/9/11
      Time: 16:48
      To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
    --%>
    <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <html>
      <head>
        <title>$Title$</title>
      </head>
      <body>
    
      <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/download">点击下载</a>
    
    
      </body>
    </html>
    

    2. controller设置

    文件下载步骤:

    1、设置 response 响应头

    2、读取文件 -- InputStream

    3、写出文件 -- OutputStream

    4、执行操作

    5、关闭流 (先开后关)

    package com.wang.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.io.*;
    import java.net.URLEncoder;
    
    @RestController
    public class FileController {
    
        @RequestMapping(value="/download")
        public String downloads(HttpServletResponse response , HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
            //要下载的图片地址
            String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
            String fileName = "基础语法.jpg";
    
            //1、设置response 响应头
            response.reset(); //设置页面不缓存,清空buffer
            response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); //字符编码
            response.setContentType("multipart/form-data"); //二进制传输数据
            //设置响应头
            response.setHeader("Content-Disposition",
                    "attachment;fileName=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));
    
            File file = new File(path, fileName);
            //2、 读取文件--输入流
            InputStream input = new FileInputStream(file);
            //3、 写出文件--输出流
            OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
    
            byte[] buff = new byte[1024];
            int index = 0;
            //4、执行 写出操作
            while ((index = input.read(buff)) != -1) {
                out.write(buff, 0, index);
                out.flush();
            }
            out.close();
            input.close();
            return null;
        }
    
    }